频振式杀虫灯防治信阳茶树害虫的应用研究

研究了频振式杀虫灯对信阳茶树害虫的防治效果。结果表明,频振式杀虫灯对茶树多种害虫诱杀效果较好。杀虫灯对茶细蛾的防治效果达75.32%,对茶毛虫的防治效果达82.56%,与化学防治效果相近;对斜纹夜蛾防治效果达84.07%。     

新西兰出口苹果的有害生物监控及检疫监管体系

新西兰苹果出口到欧盟、亚洲、美洲和中东等65个国家和地区,其国内水果生产建立了较完善的出口苹果有害生物监控及检疫监管体系,通过介绍新西兰苹果出口的监管体系、有害生物监控防治、出口检验检疫等,供国内检验检疫部门和农业生产部门借鉴和参考。     

外来有害生物风险分析的研究进展及其对我国的启示

外来有害生物能够严重影响一个国家或地区经济与环境的可持续发展,有害生物风险分析的目的是制定积极主动的外来有害生物防治策略,本文从入侵途径、传播扩散以及经济影响等风险分析的主要评估对象阐述国内外关于有害生物风险分析的研究进展,以及对我国相关研究的启示。     

Evaluation of neonicotinoid, organophosphate and avermectin trunk injections for the management of avocado thrips in California avocado groves

BACKGROUND: Trunk injections of systemic insecticides were evaluated for the management of avocado thrips. Insecticide residues were quantified in leaves to determine when after treatment, and for how long, toxic concentrations of the insecticides were present. Residues in fruit were quantified to determine whether trunk injection of insecticides might present a greater risk than traditional application methods for contaminating fruit. RESULTS: Residues of imidacloprid and dinotefuran were at least tenfold higher in leaves when trees were treated via trunk injection compared with soil application. Dinotefuran uptake was more rapid than imidacloprid, and no residues were detected within fruit. Acephate was also mobilized very rapidly and gave good control of thrips in bioassays; however, residues of acephate and its insecticidal metabolite methamidophos were detected in the fruit for up to 4 weeks after injection. Avermectin uptake was very slow, and it was ineffective against avocado thrips. CONCLUSIONS: Trunk injections of acephate and dinotefuran permitted rapid uptake into avocados, and they are strong candidates as control methods for avocado thrips. However, residues of organophosphates in fruit could necessitate increased preharvest intervals. Residues of neonicotinoids were below detection limits in fruit, suggesting that neonicotinoids may be the more suitable control option of the two chemical classes. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

Acromyrmex octospinosus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) management. Part 1: Effects of TRAMIL's insecticidal plant extracts

BACKGROUND: Leaf‐cutting ants are considered to be one of the most important pest species of the New World. Until now, control strategies against these leaf‐cutting ants have mainly been synthetic chemicals. The aim of the present study was to test the action of several plant extracts quoted as an example by TRAMIL participative surveys for their insecticidal properties on adult major workers of Acromyrmex octospinosus. Three tests were used to that end: contact toxicity, repellent test and ingestion bioassay. Six traditional plant uses recommended by interviewed people in surveys were tested: (1) maceration of Mammea americana fresh crushed seeds; (2) decoction of Nerium oleander fresh leaves; (3) Nerium oleander dried leaf water juice; (4) decoction of Nicotiana tabacum dried leaves; (5) Trichillia pallida dried leaf water juice; (6) decoction of Rollinia mucosa dried seeds. RESULTS: Two plant extracts with contact toxicity (Mammea americana and Nicotiana tabacum), six plant extracts with repellent activity and four plant extracts with ingestion toxicity (Mammea americana, Nicotiana tabacum and both extracts of Nerium oleander) were found. CONCLUSION: The data presented in this study showed that plant extracts cited by TRAMIL ethnopharmacological surveys have the potential to control the leaf‐cutting ant, Acromyrmex octospinosus. In particular, the Mammea americana extract, with its natural low repellent effect and its high toxicity by ingestion, and Nerium oleander extracts, with their natural delay action, are possibly the best extracts for the control of these ants. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

厦门常见木本园林植物物候期与病虫害防治研究

该文通过对厦门城市道路绿化7种主要木本园林植物进行物候期观测,分析其在厦门绿地中的组成,并探索物候期与病虫害防治之间的关系。     

水稻病虫绿色防控示范技术推广应用

福建省建阳市水稻病虫绿色防控技术采取推广防虫网育秧,使用生物农药、稻鸭共育治虫治草技术,保护利用天敌,释放赤眼蜂,使用高效低毒低残留农药,应用太阳能杀虫灯诱杀害虫等绿色防控措施,有效地控制水稻病虫为害,提高产量和品质。示范区比农户自防区农药投入、人工投入减少9.60、60.00元/667m2,防治次数比非示范减少2次,新增产量达58.00kg/667m2,平均增效益达162.40元/667m2,天敌增加40.1%,充分发挥自然控制作用。     

小青菜病虫害防治

夏秋季节,高温、暴风雨及病虫害对小青菜生长极为不利,要确保优质、高产、安全,必须采取无公害栽培技术。选择远离污染源、地势平坦、土壤肥沃、灌排水方便、水源无污染的田块。选用耐热、耐涝、抗病虫的热抗青、热抗白、上海青等品种。     

检疫性害虫-蚕豆象及综合防治措施

介绍了检疫性害虫-蚕豆象的形态特征和生物特性,掌握其发生规律,协调运用人工、物理和化学等综合防治措施有效降低虫口基数,将危害减少到最低阈值。     

银川市市树市花主要有害生物无公害防治技术

通过对银川市市树市花主要有害生物的种类和危害情况的调查,摸清了银川市市树市花主要有害生物有食叶类害虫、蛀干类害虫、刺吸类害虫和地下害虫4大类及病害,并对病虫害发生规律进行了调查,摸索出生物防治、信息素应用、植物农药、仿生农药、人工和物理机械防治及植物检疫等无公害防治方法。